See bihōfōn in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "behōfian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: behōfian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: behōfian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "behoven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: behoven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: behoven"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "behove",
"3": "behoove"
},
"expansion": "English: behove, behoove",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: behove, behoove"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "behufe",
"3": "behove"
},
"expansion": "Scots: behufe, behove",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: behufe, behove"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bihōvia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bihōvia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bihōvia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bihougje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: bihougje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: bihougje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "behoevje",
"3": "behoeve"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: behoevje, behoeve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: behoevje, behoeve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*bihōvōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *bihōvōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *bihōvōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "behôven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: behôven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: behôven"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bokmål: behøve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nynorsk: behøve, behøva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "behöva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: behöva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: behöva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "behøve",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: behøve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: behøve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bihuovon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bihuovon\nMiddle Dutch: behoeven\nDutch: behoeven\nAfrikaans: behoef\n⇒ Dutch: hoeven",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bihuovon\nMiddle Dutch: behoeven\nDutch: behoeven\nAfrikaans: behoef\n⇒ Dutch: hoeven"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*bihuofōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *bihuofōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *bihuofōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "behufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: behufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: behufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "behufen"
},
"expansion": "German: behufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: behufen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bihōf",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "need, necessity"
},
"expansion": "*bihōf (“need, necessity”) + *-ōn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bihōf (“need, necessity”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bihōfōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bihōfōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to need, require"
],
"id": "en-bihōfōn-gmw-pro-verb--hwRZ4Wt",
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"require",
"require"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bihōfōn"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "behōfian"
},
"expansion": "Old English: behōfian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: behōfian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "behoven"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: behoven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: behoven"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "behove",
"3": "behoove"
},
"expansion": "English: behove, behoove",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: behove, behoove"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "behufe",
"3": "behove"
},
"expansion": "Scots: behufe, behove",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: behufe, behove"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "bihōvia"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: bihōvia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: bihōvia"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "bihougje"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: bihougje",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: bihougje"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "behoevje",
"3": "behoeve"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: behoevje, behoeve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: behoevje, behoeve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*bihōvōn"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *bihōvōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *bihōvōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "behôven"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: behôven",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: behôven"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bokmål: behøve"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nynorsk: behøve, behøva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "behöva",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: behöva",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: behöva"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "behøve",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: behøve",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: behøve"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*bihuovon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *bihuovon\nMiddle Dutch: behoeven\nDutch: behoeven\nAfrikaans: behoef\n⇒ Dutch: hoeven",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *bihuovon\nMiddle Dutch: behoeven\nDutch: behoeven\nAfrikaans: behoef\n⇒ Dutch: hoeven"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "*bihuofōn"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: *bihuofōn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: *bihuofōn"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "behufen"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: behufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: behufen"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "behufen"
},
"expansion": "German: behufen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: behufen"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bihōf",
"3": "*-ōn",
"id2": "denominative",
"t1": "need, necessity"
},
"expansion": "*bihōf (“need, necessity”) + *-ōn",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From *bihōf (“need, necessity”) + *-ōn.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnijas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnijē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōniju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōnþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōdīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōndī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "bihōfōd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*bihōfōn",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-wk2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bihōfōn",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-West Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms suffixed with *-ōn (denominative)",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to need, require"
],
"links": [
[
"need",
"need"
],
[
"require",
"require"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bihōfōn"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bihōfōn meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.